Bài 15 trang 19 Tài liệu dạy – học Toán 8 tập 1

Đề bài

Tìm x, biết:

a) \({(2x + 1)^2} - {(3 - 2x)^2} + 4 = 0\)

b) \({(x - 1)^3} + (2 - x)(4 + 2x + {x^2}) + 3x(x + 2) = 17\)

c) \((x + 2)({x^2} - 2x + 4) - x({x^2} - 2) = 15\)

Lời giải chi tiết

\(\eqalign{  & a)\,\,{\left( {2x + 1} \right)^2} - {\left( {3 - 2x} \right)^2} + 4 = 0  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\left( {4{x^2} + 4x + 1} \right) - \left( {9 - 12x + 4{x^2}} \right) + 4 = 0  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,4{x^2} + 4x + 1 - 9 + 12x - 4{x^2} + 4 = 0  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,16x - 4 = 0  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,16x = 4  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,x = {1 \over 4}  \cr  & b)\,\,{\left( {x - 1} \right)^3} + \left( {2 - x} \right)\left( {4 + 2x + {x^2}} \right) + 3x\left( {x + 2} \right) = 17  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,{x^3} - 3{x^2} + 3x - 1 + 8 - {x^3} + 3{x^2} + 6x = 17  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,9x + 7 = 17  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,9x = 10  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,x = {{10} \over 9}  \cr  & c)\,\,\left( {x + 2} \right)\left( {{x^2} - 2x + 4} \right) - x\left( {{x^2} - 2} \right) = 15  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{x^3} + 8 - {x^3} + 2x = 1  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, - 8 + 2x = 15  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,2x = 23  \cr  & \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,x = {{23} \over 2} \cr} \)