Tài liệu Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh về Câu Điều Kiện - Conditional Sentences dưới đây nằm trong bộ đề thi vào lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh theo từng chuyên đề Ngữ pháp do Tìm Đáp Án sưu tầm và đăng tải. Tài liệu Tiếng Anh gồm toàn bộ Lý thuyết Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh về cấu trúc 3 loại câu điều kiện Tiếng Anh khác nhau và nhiều dạng bài tập khác nhau giúp các em học sinh lớp 9 củng cố kiến thức đã học hiệu quả.

A. LÝ THUYẾT VỀ CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

1. Type 1: điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

If clause	Main clause
S + V1 / V s(es) (don’t / doesn’t + V1)	S + will / can/ may + V1 (won’t / can’t + V1)

2. Type 2: điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại

If clause	Main clause
S + V-ed / V2 (didn’t + V1) To be: were / weren’t	S + would / could / should + V1 (wouldn’t / couldn’t + V1)

3. Type 3: điều kiện không có thật trong quá khứ

If clause	Main clause
S + had + P.P (hadn’t + P.P)	S + would / could / should + have + P.P (wouldn’t / couldn’t + have + P.P)

4. Những cách khác để diễn đạt câu điều kiện:

a. Unless = If ….not

If you don’t work hard, you can’t earn enough money for your living.

= Unless -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. Without: không có = if … not

Without water, life wouldn’t exist.

= If -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Note:

1. Có thể diễn tả câu điều kiện mà không cần dùng if hay unless bằng cách đảo ngữ.

Were I rich, I would help you.

= If I were rich, I would help you.

Had I known her, I would have made friend with her.

= If I had known her, I would have made friend with her.

2. Có thể kết hợp điều kiện 2 và điều kiện 3 trong một câu.

If I hadn’t stayed up late last night, I wouldn’t be so tired now.

You wouldn’t be so hungry if you had had breakfast this morning.

3. Đôi khi thì hiện tại đơn được dùng cho cả hai mệnh đề của câu điều kiện để diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên; nó được gọi là zero conditional.

If we don’t water these flowers, they die.

4. Mệnh đề chính trong câu điều kiện loại 1 có thể là một câu đề nghị hoặc lời mời.

If you see Peter at the meeting, please tell him to return my book.

If you are free now, have a cup of coffee with me.

. Đổi từ if sang unless:

IF	UNLESS
Khẳng định	Khẳng định (động từ trong mệnh đề chính đổi sang phủ định)
Phủ định	Khẳng định (mệnh đề chính không thay đổi)

Ex: If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster.

Unless -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

If she doesn’t work harder, she will fail the exam.

Unless ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6. Dạng câu: Mệnh lệnh + or + Clause

- If you don’t + V1, Clause

- If you aren’t + …, Clause

Ex: Be careful or you will cut yourself. If -------------------------------------------------------

Go away or I will call the police. If -------------------------------------------------------

B. BÀI TẬP

1. She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there

If ……………………………………………………………….

2. I don’t have a spare ticket. I can’t take you to the concert

If I ………………………………………………………………...

3. The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow.

If the children ………………………………………………………..

4. They don’t understand the problem. They won’t find a solution

If they …………………………………………………………….

5. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying..

If Carol ……………………………………………………

6. Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.

If Rita ………………………………………………………

7. He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car

If he ……………………………………………………..

8. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.

If the flats …..………………………………………………………..

9. I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you

If I …………………………………………………………………….

10. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children

If she ………………………………………………………………….

11. He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car

If he ………………………………………………………………….

12. Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well

If Peter ………………………………………………………………

13. Mary doesn’t have enough money. She can’t buy a new car.

- If Mary ………………………………………………………………

1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house.

A. hadn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. wasn't

2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.

A. wouldn't have been B. would have been C. wouldn’t be D. would be

3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.

A. were asked B. would ask C. had been asked D. asked

4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.

A. she has done B. she had done C. she does D. she did

5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?

A. stole B. have stolen C. were to steal D. steal

6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.

A. would have been / hadn't lied B. would be / didn't lie

C. will be / don't lie D. would be / hadn't lied

7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

A. would invest B. invested C. had invested D. invests

8. She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _____ her to.

A. wouldn’t advise B. won't advise C. hadn't advised D. didn't advise

9. If the tree hadn't been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.

A. could have climbed B. climb C. is climbing D. climbed

10. If the wall weren't so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.

A. climbed B. could climb C. is climbing D. climb

11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night

A. had known / could have phoned B. knew / would have phoned

C. know / can phone D. knew / could phone

12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.

A. tells B. told C. had told D. would tell

13. If you press that button what _____?

A. would happen B. would have happened

C. will happen D. happen

15. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.

A. stop B. had stopped C. will stop D. stopped

16. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.

A. had discovered / would inform

B. had discovered / would have informed

C. had discovered / could inform

D. discovered / can inform

17. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last year.

A. go / gave B. go / give

C. had gone / would have given D. went / would give

18. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.

A. was / answered B. were / would answer

C. were / would have answered D.had been / would have answered

19. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.

A. were B. had been C. have been D. would be

20. If you didn't wear shabby clothes, you _______ more good-looking.

A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. can be

21. If your hair _______ grey now, what ______ you ________?

A. went / would / do B. goes / would /do

C. had gone / would/do D. had gone / would have / done

24. If I ________ an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children.

A. am B. have been C. were D. had been

25. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

26. What (you / say) ___________ if I offered you a job?

27. The children always (get) ___________ frightened if they watch horror films

28. If it (not be) _____________ for you, I would be late

29. I can’t help feeling sorry for the hungry children. If only there (be) __________ peace in the world

30. Were I to become president, my first act (be) __________ to help the poor

31. If he (listen) _____________ to his father’s advice, he would still be working here.

32. If she hadn’t stayed up late last night, she (not / be) ____________ tired now.

33. If he (have) _______________free time, he will go swimming.

34. Don’t go out if the wind (be) __________________ strong.

35. If you (heat) ___________ice, it (turn) ___________into water.

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