Câu 5 trang 33 SGK Hóa 12 Nâng cao

Viết phương trình của phản ứng sau (nếu có):

a, Glucozơ tác dụng với nước brom

b,

Fructozơ \(+{H_2}\buildrel {Ni,t^\circ } \over
\longrightarrow \)

c,

Fructozơ +\(\left[ {Ag{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_2}} \right]OH\)\(\buildrel {} \over
\longrightarrow \)

d,

Glucozơ +\(\left[ {Ag{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_2}} \right]OH\)\(\buildrel {} \over
\longrightarrow \)

Giải

a)

\(C{H_2}OH{\left( {CHOH} \right)_4}CHO + B{r_2} + {H_2}O \to C{H_2}OH{\left( {CHOH} \right)_4}COOH + 2HBr\) 

b,

\(\eqalign{
& C{H_2}OH - {\left( {CHOH} \right)_3} - C - C{H_2}OH + {H_2}\buildrel {Ni,t^\circ } \over
\longrightarrow C{H_2}OH - {\left( {CHOH} \right)_4} - C{H_2}OH \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\;\left\| {} \right. \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\;O \cr} \)

c,

\(\eqalign{
& C{H_2}OH - {\left( {CHOH} \right)_3} - C - C{H_2}OH \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\rightarrow\over
{\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} C{H_2}OH - {\left( {CHOH} \right)_4} - CHO \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\left\| {} \right. \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\;\;\;\;\;\;O \cr} \)

\(\eqalign{
& C{H_2}OH - {\left( {CHOH} \right)_4} - CHO + 2\left[ {Ag{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_2}} \right]OH\buildrel {t^\circ } \over
\longrightarrow C{H_2}OH{\left( {CHOH} \right)_4}COON{H_4} + 2Ag \downarrow + 3N{H_3} + {H_2}O. \cr
& \cr} \)

d, 

\(\eqalign{
& C{H_2}OH - {\left( {CHOH} \right)_4} - CHO + 2\left[ {Ag{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_2}} \right]OH\buildrel {t^\circ } \over
\longrightarrow C{H_2}OH{\left( {CHOH} \right)_4}COON{H_4} + 2Ag \downarrow + 3N{H_3} + {H_2}O. \cr 
& \cr} \)