Unit 11: Sources of energy - Language Focus

1. Pronunciation Language Focus Unit 11 Lớp 11

Phát âm /ʃr/, /spl/, /spr/

2. Grammar Language Focus Unit 11 Lớp 11

Relative clause replaced by participles and to-infinitive (Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng hình thức phân từ và động từ nguyên mẫu có "to")

Relative clause replaced by participles (present and past participles)

Present participles (Hiện tại phân từ): được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng chủ động

Ex 1: The boy who is climbing on the wall is Ben. ---> The boy climbing on the wall is Ben.

Ex 2: We have a house which overlooks the park. ---> We have a house overlooking the park.

Ex 3: The man who spoke to John is my brother. ---> The man speaking to John is my brother.

Past participles (Quá khứ phân từ): được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng bị động

Ex: They are living in the house which was built in 1980. ---> They are living in the house built in 1980.

Relative clause replaced by to infinitive phrase

"to infinitive" được sử dụng ngay sau: the first, the second,... the last, the only và hình thức so sánh nhất

Ex 1: Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space. ---> Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.

Ex 2: The last person who left the room must turn off the lights. ---> The last person to leave the room must turn off the lights.

3. Exercise Language Focus Unit 11 Lớp 11

3.1. Unit 11 Language Focus Exercise 1

Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase. (Viết lại những câu sau, sử dụng hiện tại phân từ)

The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.
Do you know the man who is coming towards us?
The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are setting wet.
The scientists who researches the causes of cancer are making progress.
The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
We have an apartment which overlooks the park.

Guide to answer

The boy playing the piano is Ben.
Do you know the man coming towards us?
The people waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
The scientists researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
The fence surrounding our house is made of wood.
We have an apartment overlooking the park.

3.2. Unit 11 Language Focus Exercise 2

Rewrite the following sentences, using a past participial phrase. (Viết lại những câu sau sử dụng quá khứ phân từ)

The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
They live in a house that was built in 1890.
The photographs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary.
The experiment which was conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.
They work in a hospital which was sponsored by the government.

Guide to answer

The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.
They live in a house built in 1890.
The photographs published in the newspaper were extraordinary.
The experiment conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.
They work in a hospital sponsored by the government.

3.3. Unit 11 Language Focus Exercise 3

Rewrite the following sentences, using an infinitive phrase. (Viết lại những câu sau, sử dụng động từ nguyên mẫu)

John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain.
The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith.
This is the second person who was killed in that way.
The first person who catches the ball will be the winner.

Guide to answer

John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain.
The last person to leave the room must turn off the light.
The first person for us to see is Mr. Smith.
This is the second person to be killed in that way.
The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.

Replace the relative clause by infinitive phrase or participial phrase

Only a few of the movie that are shown at the Gray Theater are suitable for children.
A knuckle is a point that connects a finger to the rest of the hand.
My brother is the only one who realized the danger.
The couples who live in the house next door are both college professors.
Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon.
Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way.
The fifth man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable.

Key

Only a few of the movie shown at the Gray Theater are suitable for children.
A knuckle is a point connecting a finger to the rest of the hand.
My brother is the only one to realize the danger.
The couples living in the house next door are both college professors.
Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon.
Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way.
The fifth man to be interviewed was entirely unsuitable.

1. Pronunciation Language Focus Unit 11 Lớp 11

Phát âm /ʃr/, /spl/, /spr/

2. Grammar Language Focus Unit 11 Lớp 11

Relative clause replaced by participles and to-infinitive (Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng hình thức phân từ và động từ nguyên mẫu có "to")

Relative clause replaced by participles (present and past participles)

Present participles (Hiện tại phân từ): được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng chủ động

Ex 1: The boy who is climbing on the wall is Ben. ---> The boy climbing on the wall is Ben.

Ex 2: We have a house which overlooks the park. ---> We have a house overlooking the park.

Ex 3: The man who spoke to John is my brother. ---> The man speaking to John is my brother.

Past participles (Quá khứ phân từ): được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng bị động

Ex: They are living in the house which was built in 1980. ---> They are living in the house built in 1980.

Relative clause replaced by to infinitive phrase

"to infinitive" được sử dụng ngay sau: the first, the second,... the last, the only và hình thức so sánh nhất

Ex 1: Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space. ---> Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.

Ex 2: The last person who left the room must turn off the lights. ---> The last person to leave the room must turn off the lights.

3. Exercise Language Focus Unit 11 Lớp 11

3.1. Unit 11 Language Focus Exercise 1

Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase. (Viết lại những câu sau, sử dụng hiện tại phân từ)

The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.
Do you know the man who is coming towards us?
The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are setting wet.
The scientists who researches the causes of cancer are making progress.
The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
We have an apartment which overlooks the park.

Guide to answer

The boy playing the piano is Ben.
Do you know the man coming towards us?
The people waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
The scientists researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
The fence surrounding our house is made of wood.
We have an apartment overlooking the park.

3.2. Unit 11 Language Focus Exercise 2

Rewrite the following sentences, using a past participial phrase. (Viết lại những câu sau sử dụng quá khứ phân từ)

The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
They live in a house that was built in 1890.
The photographs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary.
The experiment which was conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.
They work in a hospital which was sponsored by the government.

Guide to answer

The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.
They live in a house built in 1890.
The photographs published in the newspaper were extraordinary.
The experiment conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.
They work in a hospital sponsored by the government.

3.3. Unit 11 Language Focus Exercise 3

Rewrite the following sentences, using an infinitive phrase. (Viết lại những câu sau, sử dụng động từ nguyên mẫu)

John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain.
The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith.
This is the second person who was killed in that way.
The first person who catches the ball will be the winner.

Guide to answer

John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain.
The last person to leave the room must turn off the light.
The first person for us to see is Mr. Smith.
This is the second person to be killed in that way.
The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.

Replace the relative clause by infinitive phrase or participial phrase

Only a few of the movie that are shown at the Gray Theater are suitable for children.
A knuckle is a point that connects a finger to the rest of the hand.
My brother is the only one who realized the danger.
The couples who live in the house next door are both college professors.
Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon.
Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way.
The fifth man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable.

Key