Giải câu 6 trang 108 SGK Toán 6 Kết nối tri thức với cuộc sống

Đề bài

Tính giá trị của biểu thức sau (tính hợp lí, nếu có thể):

a) \(\frac{{ - 3}}{7}.\frac{2}{5} + \frac{2}{5}.\left( { - \frac{5}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\)

b) \(\left( {\frac{2}{3} - \frac{5}{{11}} + \frac{1}{4}} \right):\left( {1 + \frac{5}{{12}} - \frac{7}{{11}}} \right)\);

c) \(\left( {13,6 - 37,8} \right).\left( { - 3,2} \right)\)

d) \(\left( { - 25,4} \right).\left( {18,5 + 43,6 - 16,8} \right):12,7\)

Lời giải chi tiết

 ) \(\frac{{ - 3}}{7}.\frac{2}{5} + \frac{2}{5}.\left( { - \frac{5}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} = \frac{2}{5}\left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{7} + \frac{{ - 5}}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\\ = \frac{2}{5}.\left( {\frac{{ - 6}}{{14}} + \frac{{ - 5}}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\\ = \frac{2}{5}.\frac{{ - 11}}{{14}} - \frac{{18}}{{35}} = \frac{{2.\left( { - 11} \right)}}{{5.2.7}} - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\\ = \frac{{ - 11}}{{35}} - \frac{{18}}{{35}} = \frac{{ - 11 - 18}}{{35}} = \frac{{ - 19}}{{35}}\end{array}\)

b) \(\left( {\frac{2}{3} - \frac{5}{{11}} + \frac{1}{4}} \right):\left( {1 + \frac{5}{{12}} - \frac{7}{{11}}} \right)\);

\(\begin{array}{l} = \left( {\frac{{2.11.4}}{{3.11.4}} - \frac{{5.3.4}}{{11.3.4}} + \frac{{1.3.11}}{{4.3.11}}} \right):\left( {1 + \frac{{5.11}}{{12.11}} - \frac{{7.12}}{{11.12}}} \right)\\ = \left( {\frac{{88 - 60 + 33}}{{121}}} \right):\left( {1 + \frac{{55 - 84}}{{121}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{61}}{{121}}:\left( {1 + \frac{{ - 29}}{{121}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{61}}{{121}}:\frac{{121 - 29}}{{121}} = \frac{{61}}{{121}}:\frac{{92}}{{121}} = \frac{{61}}{{92}}\end{array}\)

c) \(\left( {13,6 - 37,8} \right).\left( { - 3,2} \right)\)

\( = \left( { - 24,2} \right):\left( { - 3,2} \right) = 77,44\)

d) \(\left( { - 25,4} \right).\left( {18,5 + 43,6 - 16,8} \right):12,7\)

\(\begin{array}{l} = \left( { - 25,4} \right).\left( {62,1 - 16,8} \right):12,7\\ = \left( { - 25,4} \right).45,3:12,7\\ = \left( { - 25,4} \right):12,7.45,3\\ =  - 2.45,3 =  - 90,6\end{array}\)