Unit 2: Cultural Diversity - Language Focus


1. Pronunciation Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

The pronunciation of -ed (Cách phát âm đuôi -ed)

  • Có 3 cách phát âm đuôi -ed của động từ có quy tắc ở thì quá khứ: /d/, /t/, /ɪd/

►/d/ sau các phụ âm hữu thanh (voiced consonants): /b/, /g/, /m/, /n/, /l/, /v/, /z/, /ð/, /ʒ/, /ʤ/, /ŋ/ và các nguyên âm a, e, o, i, u

►/t/ sau các phụ âm vô thanh (voiceless consonants): /θ/, /p/, /f/, /s/, /ʃ /, /ʧ/, /k/

► /ɪd/ sau /t/, /d/

  • Ví dụ minh họa

►​/d/: lived, played, rained, determined,...

► /t/: looked, stopped, missed, laughed,...

► /ɪd/: wanted, decided,...

2. Grammar Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

Review of tenses (Ôn tập các thì)

Present simple (Hiện tại đơn)
S + V(s/es) + O
S + do/does+ not + V
Do/Does + S + V...?

Signal words: 
Every day/week/month/year/time,
Adverb of frequency
(always, usually, often,...)

Present continous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn)

S + is/am/are + V-ing
S+am/is/are + not + V-ing
Is/Am/Are+S+ V-ing...?

Signal words: 
Now, At the moment, At the present
At this time,...

Present perfect (Hiện tại hoàn thành:

S+have/has+V-ed(III)
S+ have/has + not + V-ed(III)
Have/Has + S + V-ed(III)?

Signal words: 
for, since, recently, so far, several time,
never, ever, yet....

Future simple (Tương lai đơn)

S + will + V(bare infinitive)
S + will + not + V(bare infinitive)
Will + S + V(bare infinitive)?

Singal words: 
tomorrow, next day/week/month/year
in the future
Near future

Near future (Tương lai gần)

S + is/am/are + going to + V
S + is/am/are + not + going to + V
Is/Am/Are + going to + V?

Signal words: 
tomorrow, next day/week/month/year
in the future

Past simple (Quá khứ đơn)

S + V-ed(II) + O
S + did + not + V(bare infinitive)
Did + S + V(bare infinitive)?

Signal words: 
yesterday, last week/month/year, ago,..

Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)

S + was/were + V-ing
S + was/were + not + V-ing
Was/Were + S + V-ing?

Signal words: 
2p.m yesterday, ...(Thời gian cụ thể trong quá khứ)

Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành)

S + had + V-ed(III)
S + had + not + V-ed(III)
Had + S + V-ed(III)?
By the time + time in the past, several time...

3. Exercise Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

3.1. Exercise 1 Laguage Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

Complete the following conversations with the correct form of the verbs in the box. (Hoàn thành những đoạn hội thoại sau với hình thức đúng của động từ trong khung)

  • See             
  • Drink               
  • Drive                     
  • ​Cook

1. A: ……………..you………………..The Titanic yet?

    B: Yes, I have. I…………….it last night. Why?

    A: I……………..it next Friday.

2. A: Who……………….all the soda?

    B: Not me. I…………any soda at all since  last week. I …………….water all week. It’s much healthier.

3. A: Susan…………….a lot of books lately.

    B: ……………..she……………….Wildest Dreams?

    A: Yes, she did. She……………….that one about five years ago.

4. A: You……………for hours. When are we eating dinner?

    B: I’ve just finished. I……………something special for you. It’s called “Ants on the tree”.

    A: Gross!

    B: Actually, I……………it for you many times before. It’s just meatballs with rice noodles.

Guide to answer

  1. Have....seen/saw/am going to see
  2. drank/have not drunk/drank
  3. has written/Did...write/wrote
  4. have been cooking/cooked/wrote

3.2. Exercise 2 Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

Circle the letter (A, B, C, D) to complete the passage (Khoanh tròn vào chữ cái A, B, C, D để hoàn thành đoạn văn)

Rosemary Dare is a wildlife photographer. She (1) _____  inUganda for many years. She (2)_________________ elephants for twenty years.She (3)____________ thousands of pictures since the 1980s. Last year, she(4)                      an international prize for nature photography. She (5)__________  many prizes over the years. Recently, Ms Dare (6)___________ interested in rhinos. She (7)____________them for the last few months. I am sure we (8)_________________ some interesting photos soon.

1.    
A. lives                                     
B. will live                             
C. has been living             
D. doesn’t live
2.    
A. has been photographing        
B. photographs                     
C. is photographing         
D. was photographing
3.    
A. is taking                               
B. will take                           
C. has taken                   
D. takes
4.    
A. won                                     
B. is winning                         
C. has won                     
D. has been winning
5.    
A. won                                     
B. is winning                         
C. has won                     
D. wins
6.    
A. has become                         
B. becomes                           
C. will become                 
D. become
7.    
A. tracks                                   
B. will track                           
C. has been tracking       
D. tracking
8.      
A. will see                                 
B. saw                                   
C. have been seeing        
D. have seen

Guide to answer

1.     2.A      3.      4.     5.C      6.     7.C      8.A

3.3. Exercise 3 Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12
Complete the following letter with the correct form of verbs in brackets. (Hoàn thành bức thư với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.)

Dear Mr. Jones,

I am writing this letter to complain about the noise from Apartment 3C.I (1.move)…………. into Apartment 2C on November 1. Since I (2.move)…………in, my upstairs neighbours have their stereo loudly every night. I (3.ask) …………them to  turn it down several time. But they (4.not stop) …….. the noise yet. I am a student and I (5.study)………. Every night. I (6.fail)………..my final exam next month unless this noise stops. I would be grateful if you (7.can talk) …………to my neighbours and ask them to turn down their stereo after 10.00 p.m. 

Sincerely,
Jony

Guide to answer

  1. moved
  2. moved
  3. have asked
  4. have not stopped
  5. study
  6. will fail
  7. could talk

a. Exercise 1

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest.

  1. A. booked                       
    B. pushed                    
    C. caused                    
    D. matched
  2. A. wanted                       
    B. needed                    
    C. decided                   
    D. stopped
  3. A. lived                            
    B. watched                  
    C. stayed                     
    D. loved
  4. A. rained                         
    B. worked                    
    C. missed                     
    D. helped
  5. A. explained                    
    B. arrested                   
    C. phoned                    
    D. played
Key
  1. A. booked/t/                     
    B. pushed/t/                         
    C. caused/d/                     
    D. matched/t/
  2. A. wanted /id/                   
    B. needed /id/                       
    C. decided /id/                      
    D. stopped /t/
  3. A. lived /d/                        
    B. watched /t/                   
    C. stayed /d/                        
    D. loved /d/
  4. A. rained /d/                   
    B. worked /t/                         
    C. missed /t/                        
    D. helped /t/
  5. A. explained /d/                 
    B. arrested/id/                   
    C. phoned /d/                      
    D. played /d/

b. ​Exercise 2

Complete the sentences with the correct verbs

  1. I (get) _______ hungry. Let’s go and have something to eat.
  2. Be quiet! I (want) _______ to hear the news broadcast
  3. What _______ you (do) yesterday?
  4. Lan (get) _______ up very early, (have) _______ her breakfast and then she (go) _______ to her office.
  5. Mr. Green (teach) English in this school since he (graduate) from the university in 1986.

Key
  1. getting
  2. want
  3. did...do
  4. gets / has / goes 
  5. has taught / graduated

c. Exercise 3

Choose the best answer

1. When Carol _______ last night, I ______ my favorite show on television.

A. was calling / watched                                      

B. called / have watched

C. called / was watching                                      

D. had called / watched

2. By this time last summer, she _______ her studies.

A. completes            

B. will complete                 

C. are completing              

D. had completed

3. Right now, Jim _______ the newspaper and Kathy _______ dinner.

A. reads / has cooked                                           

B. is reading / is cooking

C. has read / was cooking                                   

D. read / will be cooking

4. Last night at this time, they _______ the same thing. She _______ and he_______  the Newspaper.

A. are doing / is cooking / is reading

B. were doing / was cooking / was reading

C. was doing / has cooked / is reading

D. had done / was cooking /read

5. When I _______ home last night, I _______ that Jane _______ a beautiful candlelight dinner.

A. had arrived / discovered / prepared

B. was arriving / had discovered / was preparing

C. have arrived / was discovering / had prepared

D. arrived / discovered / was preparing

Key

1.C         2.D            3.          4.B            5.D

1. Pronunciation Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

The pronunciation of -ed (Cách phát âm đuôi -ed)

  • Có 3 cách phát âm đuôi -ed của động từ có quy tắc ở thì quá khứ: /d/, /t/, /ɪd/

►/d/ sau các phụ âm hữu thanh (voiced consonants): /b/, /g/, /m/, /n/, /l/, /v/, /z/, /ð/, /ʒ/, /ʤ/, /ŋ/ và các nguyên âm a, e, o, i, u

►/t/ sau các phụ âm vô thanh (voiceless consonants): /θ/, /p/, /f/, /s/, /ʃ /, /ʧ/, /k/

► /ɪd/ sau /t/, /d/

  • Ví dụ minh họa

►​/d/: lived, played, rained, determined,...

► /t/: looked, stopped, missed, laughed,...

► /ɪd/: wanted, decided,...

2. Grammar Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

Review of tenses (Ôn tập các thì)

Present simple (Hiện tại đơn)
S + V(s/es) + O
S + do/does+ not + V
Do/Does + S + V...?

Signal words: 
Every day/week/month/year/time,
Adverb of frequency
(always, usually, often,...)

Present continous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn)

S + is/am/are + V-ing
S+am/is/are + not + V-ing
Is/Am/Are+S+ V-ing...?

Signal words: 
Now, At the moment, At the present
At this time,...

Present perfect (Hiện tại hoàn thành:

S+have/has+V-ed(III)
S+ have/has + not + V-ed(III)
Have/Has + S + V-ed(III)?

Signal words: 
for, since, recently, so far, several time,
never, ever, yet....

Future simple (Tương lai đơn)

S + will + V(bare infinitive)
S + will + not + V(bare infinitive)
Will + S + V(bare infinitive)?

Singal words: 
tomorrow, next day/week/month/year
in the future
Near future

Near future (Tương lai gần)

S + is/am/are + going to + V
S + is/am/are + not + going to + V
Is/Am/Are + going to + V?

Signal words: 
tomorrow, next day/week/month/year
in the future

Past simple (Quá khứ đơn)

S + V-ed(II) + O
S + did + not + V(bare infinitive)
Did + S + V(bare infinitive)?

Signal words: 
yesterday, last week/month/year, ago,..

Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)

S + was/were + V-ing
S + was/were + not + V-ing
Was/Were + S + V-ing?

Signal words: 
2p.m yesterday, ...(Thời gian cụ thể trong quá khứ)

Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành)

S + had + V-ed(III)
S + had + not + V-ed(III)
Had + S + V-ed(III)?
By the time + time in the past, several time...

3. Exercise Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

3.1. Exercise 1 Laguage Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

Complete the following conversations with the correct form of the verbs in the box. (Hoàn thành những đoạn hội thoại sau với hình thức đúng của động từ trong khung)

  • See             
  • Drink               
  • Drive                     
  • ​Cook

1. A: ……………..you………………..The Titanic yet?

    B: Yes, I have. I…………….it last night. Why?

    A: I……………..it next Friday.

2. A: Who……………….all the soda?

    B: Not me. I…………any soda at all since  last week. I …………….water all week. It’s much healthier.

3. A: Susan…………….a lot of books lately.

    B: ……………..she……………….Wildest Dreams?

    A: Yes, she did. She……………….that one about five years ago.

4. A: You……………for hours. When are we eating dinner?

    B: I’ve just finished. I……………something special for you. It’s called “Ants on the tree”.

    A: Gross!

    B: Actually, I……………it for you many times before. It’s just meatballs with rice noodles.

Guide to answer

  1. Have....seen/saw/am going to see
  2. drank/have not drunk/drank
  3. has written/Did...write/wrote
  4. have been cooking/cooked/wrote

3.2. Exercise 2 Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12

Circle the letter (A, B, C, D) to complete the passage (Khoanh tròn vào chữ cái A, B, C, D để hoàn thành đoạn văn)

Rosemary Dare is a wildlife photographer. She (1) _____  inUganda for many years. She (2)_________________ elephants for twenty years.She (3)____________ thousands of pictures since the 1980s. Last year, she(4)                      an international prize for nature photography. She (5)__________  many prizes over the years. Recently, Ms Dare (6)___________ interested in rhinos. She (7)____________them for the last few months. I am sure we (8)_________________ some interesting photos soon.

1.    
A. lives                                     
B. will live                             
C. has been living             
D. doesn’t live
2.    
A. has been photographing        
B. photographs                     
C. is photographing         
D. was photographing
3.    
A. is taking                               
B. will take                           
C. has taken                   
D. takes
4.    
A. won                                     
B. is winning                         
C. has won                     
D. has been winning
5.    
A. won                                     
B. is winning                         
C. has won                     
D. wins
6.    
A. has become                         
B. becomes                           
C. will become                 
D. become
7.    
A. tracks                                   
B. will track                           
C. has been tracking       
D. tracking
8.      
A. will see                                 
B. saw                                   
C. have been seeing        
D. have seen

Guide to answer

1.     2.A      3.      4.     5.C      6.     7.C      8.A

3.3. Exercise 3 Language Focus Unit 2 Lớp 12
Complete the following letter with the correct form of verbs in brackets. (Hoàn thành bức thư với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.)

Dear Mr. Jones,

I am writing this letter to complain about the noise from Apartment 3C.I (1.move)…………. into Apartment 2C on November 1. Since I (2.move)…………in, my upstairs neighbours have their stereo loudly every night. I (3.ask) …………them to  turn it down several time. But they (4.not stop) …….. the noise yet. I am a student and I (5.study)………. Every night. I (6.fail)………..my final exam next month unless this noise stops. I would be grateful if you (7.can talk) …………to my neighbours and ask them to turn down their stereo after 10.00 p.m. 

Sincerely,
Jony

Guide to answer

  1. moved
  2. moved
  3. have asked
  4. have not stopped
  5. study
  6. will fail
  7. could talk

a. Exercise 1

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest.

  1. A. booked                       
    B. pushed                    
    C. caused                    
    D. matched
  2. A. wanted                       
    B. needed                    
    C. decided                   
    D. stopped
  3. A. lived                            
    B. watched                  
    C. stayed                     
    D. loved
  4. A. rained                         
    B. worked                    
    C. missed                     
    D. helped
  5. A. explained                    
    B. arrested                   
    C. phoned                    
    D. played
Key
  1. A. booked/t/                     
    B. pushed/t/                         
    C. caused/d/                     
    D. matched/t/
  2. A. wanted /id/                   
    B. needed /id/                       
    C. decided /id/                      
    D. stopped /t/
  3. A. lived /d/                        
    B. watched /t/                   
    C. stayed /d/                        
    D. loved /d/
  4. A. rained /d/                   
    B. worked /t/                         
    C. missed /t/                        
    D. helped /t/
  5. A. explained /d/                 
    B. arrested/id/                   
    C. phoned /d/                      
    D. played /d/

b. ​Exercise 2

Complete the sentences with the correct verbs

  1. I (get) _______ hungry. Let’s go and have something to eat.
  2. Be quiet! I (want) _______ to hear the news broadcast
  3. What _______ you (do) yesterday?
  4. Lan (get) _______ up very early, (have) _______ her breakfast and then she (go) _______ to her office.
  5. Mr. Green (teach) English in this school since he (graduate) from the university in 1986.

Key
  1. getting
  2. want
  3. did...do
  4. gets / has / goes 
  5. has taught / graduated

c. Exercise 3

Choose the best answer

1. When Carol _______ last night, I ______ my favorite show on television.

A. was calling / watched                                      

B. called / have watched

C. called / was watching                                      

D. had called / watched

2. By this time last summer, she _______ her studies.

A. completes            

B. will complete                 

C. are completing              

D. had completed

3. Right now, Jim _______ the newspaper and Kathy _______ dinner.

A. reads / has cooked                                           

B. is reading / is cooking

C. has read / was cooking                                   

D. read / will be cooking

4. Last night at this time, they _______ the same thing. She _______ and he_______  the Newspaper.

A. are doing / is cooking / is reading

B. were doing / was cooking / was reading

C. was doing / has cooked / is reading

D. had done / was cooking /read

5. When I _______ home last night, I _______ that Jane _______ a beautiful candlelight dinner.

A. had arrived / discovered / prepared

B. was arriving / had discovered / was preparing

C. have arrived / was discovering / had prepared

D. arrived / discovered / was preparing

Key

1.C         2.D            3.          4.B            5.D

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Unit 2: Cultural Diversity - Vocabulary

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