Unit 7: Economic Reforms - Language Focus

1. Pronunciation Language Focus Unit 7 Lớp 12

Strong and weak forms of auxiliaries

(Dạng nhấn mạnh và âm lướt của trợ động từ)

Examples

Is /əz/-/z/ -/s/ /ɪz/
Am /əm/ /æm/
Are /ər/ /ɑːr/
Was /wəz/ /wʌz/
Were / wər/ /wɜːr/
Have /həv/-/əv/ /hæv/
Has /həz/ -/ əz/ /hæz/
Do /də/ /duː/
Does /dəz/ /dʌz/
Can /kən/ / kæn/
Could / kəd/ /kʊd/
Should /ʃəd/ /ʃʊd/
Would /wəd/- /əd/ /wʊd/

 

2. Grammar Language Focus Unit 7 Lớp 12

Adverbial clauses of concession

(Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự tương phảng)

  • Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự tương phản thường được bắt đầu bằng các từ "Although, Though, Even though"

Although/Though/Even though + clause, + clause

  Clause + Although/Though/Even though + clause


  • Ví dụ

Although it was raining, we went out. (Mặc dù trời mưa, chúng tôi vẫn ra ngoài.)

I kept smiling even though I didn't understand a word. (Tôi vẫn cứ mỉm cười mặc dù tôi chẳng hiểu gì cả.)

  • Lưu ý: Ngoài "Although, Though, Even though" ta còn có thể sử dụng một vài cấu trúc khác mang nghĩa tương đương với "Despite, In spite of"

Despite/In spite of + noun, + Clause

Clause + despite/in spite of + noun

  • Ví dụ

Despite/In spite of the cold weather, I went swimming.

  • Có thể dùng "Despite/In spite of the fact that + clause" với nghĩa tương tự trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự tương phản.

3. Exercise Language Focus Unit 7 Lớp 12

3.1. Exercise 1 Unit 7 Language Focus

Combine the sentences with although/even though.

(Kết hợp các câu với although/even though.)

  1. It rained a lot. We enjoyed our vacation.
  2. We had planned everything carefully. A lot of things went wrong.
  3. The doctor has advised him to quit. Bob smokes 20 cigarettes a day.
  4. It was cold and rainy. We managed to go to class in time.
  5. Luong has studied English only for six months. He can speak English very well.
  6. I didn’t go to bed early. I was really sleepy.

Guide to answer

  1. Although it rained a lot, we enjoyed our vacation. (Mặc dù trời mưa to, chúng tôi vẫn đi nghỉ mát.)
  2. Although we had planned everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong. (Mặc dù chúng tôi đã chuẩn bị mọi thứ cẩn thận, vẫn có nhiều sai sót diễn ra.)
  3. Although the doctor has advised him to quit, Bob smokes 20 cigarettes a day. (Mặc dù bác sỹ đã khuyên anh ta bỏ thuốc, Bob vẫn hút 20 điếu một ngày.)
  4. Although it was cold and rainy, we managed to go to class on time. (Mặc dù trời mưa và lạnh, chúng tôi vẫn đến lớp đúng giờ.)
  5. Even though Luong has studied English only for six months, he can speak English very well. (Mặc dù Lương mới chỉ học tiếng Anh 6 tháng, anh ấy nói tiếng Anh rất tốt.)
  6. Although I was really sleepy, I didn't go to bed early. (Mặc dù tôi thực sự buồn ngủ, tôi vẫn không đi ngủ sớm.)

3.2. Exercise 2 Unit 7 Language Focus

Complete the sentences. Use although + a clause from the box.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau, dùng although + mệnh đề trong khung)

I couldn't spaek the language              he has a very important job

 I had never seen her before               we don't like them very much

 it was pretty cold                               the heat was on

 I'd met her twice before                     we've known each other for a long time

 I was very tired

  1.  …………………………, I couldn’t sleep.
  2.  …………………………..,I recognized her from the distance.
  3. She wasn’t wearing a coat………………………………...
  4. We thought we’d better invite them to the party………………..
  5. ……………………………, I managed to make myself understood.
  6. ……………………………, the room wasn’t very warm.
  7. I didn’t recognize her……………………………………
  8. We’re not very good friends……………………………

Guide to answer

  1. Although I was very tired, I couldn't sleep. (Mặc dù tôi rất mệt, nhưng tôi không thể ngủ được.)
  2. Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from the distance. (Mặc dù tôi chưa từng gặp cô ấy trước đó, nhưng tôi đã nhận ra cô ấy từ xa.)
  3. She wasn't wearing a coat although it was pretty cold. (Cô ấy không mặc áo khoác mặc dù trời khá lạnh.)
  4. We thought we'd better invite them to the party although we don't like them very much. (Chúng tôi nghĩ rằng chúng tôi nên mời họ tới bữa tiệc mặc dù chúng tôi không thích họ.)
  5. Although I didn't speak the language, I managed to make myself understood. (Mặc dù tôi không hiểu ngôn ngữ đó, nhưng tôi vẫn thể hiện bản thân là đã hiểu.)
  6. Although the heat was on, the room wasn't very warm. (Mặc dù lò sưởi đã bật, nhưng căn phòng vẫn không ấm.)
  7. I didn't recognize her although I'd met her twice before. (Tôi đã không nhận ra cô ấy mặc dù trước đó tôi đã gặp cô ấy hai lần.)
  8. We're not very good friends although we have known each other for a long time. (Chúng tôi không phải bạn tốt mặc dù chúng tôi đã biết nhau từ rất lâu rồi.)

3.3. Exercise 3 Unit 7 Language Focus 

Use your own ideas to comple the following sentences.

(Hoàn thành câu sau theo ý của em.)

  1. Although we had packed our bags the night before,…………………           
  2. They didn’t eat anything although……………………………
  3. Although Luong hadn’t studied English before………………………
  4.  ……………………., he failed the exam.
  5. Although summer has come …………………………….

Guide to answer

  1. Although we had packed our bags the night before, we forgot many things. (Mặc dù chúng tôi đã đóng gói tất cả vào tối qua, nhưng chúng tôi vẫn quên nhiều thứ.)      
  2. They didn’t eat anything although they were very hungry. (Họ đã không ăn bất kỳ thứ gì mặc dù họ rất đói.)
  3. Although Luong hadn’t studied English before, he could use the language very well. (Mặc dù Lượng không học tiếng Anh trước đó, anh ta có thể sử dụng ngôn ngữ này rất tốt.)
  4. Although he studied hard, he failed the exam. (Mặc dù anh ta học chăm chỉ, nhưng anh ta vẫn rớt kì thi.)
  5. Although summer has come, the weather is pretty cool. (Mặc dù mùa hè đã đến, nhưng thời tiết vẫn khá mát mẻ.)

Practical Exercise

Exercise 1: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.

  1. Although he ate a big lunch, he has a three-course meal in the evening. ---> In spite of..................................
  2. Despite her sickness, Judy went to class on time. ---> Even though......................................
  3. Although the play received good notices, not many people went to see it. ---> Despite the fact........................
  4. In spite of their good game, the team lost. ---> Despite the fact .........................................
  5. In spite of all our warnings, he left camp without taking his rifle. ---> Although..............................................

Key

  1. In spite of eating a big lunch, he has a three-course meal in the evening.
  2. Even though Judy was sick, she went to class on time.
  3. Despite the fact that play received good notices, not many people went to see it.
  4. Despite the fact that they had a good game, the team lost.
  5. Although we warned him, he left camp without taking his rifle.

​Exercise 2: Choose the best answer

1. Our new neighbors are quite nice _______ they are sometimes talkative.

a. despite          
b. in spite of the fact   
c. though       
d. as though

2._______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.

a. In spite         
b. Despite                  
c. But              
d. Although

3. In spite of his hard work, he could not finish the job.
a. As hard as he work                               
b. Despite he worked hard
c. Though he worked hard                    
d. Although hard work

4. He went to work despite his headache.

a. nevertheless      
b. due to         
c. notwithstanding    
d. because of

5. Despite _______, we knew that he was guilty.

a. denied              
b. denying        
c. he denied                
d. his denial

6. Despite the fact that _______, we enjoyed our trip.

a. the weather is bad                                 
b. it is a bad weather
c. the bad weather                                                
d. the weather was bad

7. Julie failed the exam _______ of working very hard.

a. despite                          
b. in spite                   
c. even if                                 
d. though

8.Tom went to work despite _______.
a. that he did not feel very well    
b. of the fact not feeling well
c. he did not feel very well            
d. not feeling very well

Key 

1. C
2. A
3. C
4. C
5. D
6. D
7. B
8. D

1. Pronunciation Language Focus Unit 7 Lớp 12

Strong and weak forms of auxiliaries

(Dạng nhấn mạnh và âm lướt của trợ động từ)

Examples

Is /əz/-/z/ -/s/ /ɪz/
Am /əm/ /æm/
Are /ər/ /ɑːr/
Was /wəz/ /wʌz/
Were / wər/ /wɜːr/
Have /həv/-/əv/ /hæv/
Has /həz/ -/ əz/ /hæz/
Do /də/ /duː/
Does /dəz/ /dʌz/
Can /kən/ / kæn/
Could / kəd/ /kʊd/
Should /ʃəd/ /ʃʊd/
Would /wəd/- /əd/ /wʊd/

 

2. Grammar Language Focus Unit 7 Lớp 12

Adverbial clauses of concession

(Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự tương phảng)

  • Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự tương phản thường được bắt đầu bằng các từ "Although, Though, Even though"

Although/Though/Even though + clause, + clause

  Clause + Although/Though/Even though + clause


  • Ví dụ

Although it was raining, we went out. (Mặc dù trời mưa, chúng tôi vẫn ra ngoài.)

I kept smiling even though I didn't understand a word. (Tôi vẫn cứ mỉm cười mặc dù tôi chẳng hiểu gì cả.)

  • Lưu ý: Ngoài "Although, Though, Even though" ta còn có thể sử dụng một vài cấu trúc khác mang nghĩa tương đương với "Despite, In spite of"

Despite/In spite of + noun, + Clause

Clause + despite/in spite of + noun

  • Ví dụ

Despite/In spite of the cold weather, I went swimming.

  • Có thể dùng "Despite/In spite of the fact that + clause" với nghĩa tương tự trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự tương phản.

3. Exercise Language Focus Unit 7 Lớp 12

3.1. Exercise 1 Unit 7 Language Focus

Combine the sentences with although/even though.

(Kết hợp các câu với although/even though.)

  1. It rained a lot. We enjoyed our vacation.
  2. We had planned everything carefully. A lot of things went wrong.
  3. The doctor has advised him to quit. Bob smokes 20 cigarettes a day.
  4. It was cold and rainy. We managed to go to class in time.
  5. Luong has studied English only for six months. He can speak English very well.
  6. I didn’t go to bed early. I was really sleepy.

Guide to answer

  1. Although it rained a lot, we enjoyed our vacation. (Mặc dù trời mưa to, chúng tôi vẫn đi nghỉ mát.)
  2. Although we had planned everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong. (Mặc dù chúng tôi đã chuẩn bị mọi thứ cẩn thận, vẫn có nhiều sai sót diễn ra.)
  3. Although the doctor has advised him to quit, Bob smokes 20 cigarettes a day. (Mặc dù bác sỹ đã khuyên anh ta bỏ thuốc, Bob vẫn hút 20 điếu một ngày.)
  4. Although it was cold and rainy, we managed to go to class on time. (Mặc dù trời mưa và lạnh, chúng tôi vẫn đến lớp đúng giờ.)
  5. Even though Luong has studied English only for six months, he can speak English very well. (Mặc dù Lương mới chỉ học tiếng Anh 6 tháng, anh ấy nói tiếng Anh rất tốt.)
  6. Although I was really sleepy, I didn't go to bed early. (Mặc dù tôi thực sự buồn ngủ, tôi vẫn không đi ngủ sớm.)

3.2. Exercise 2 Unit 7 Language Focus

Complete the sentences. Use although + a clause from the box.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau, dùng although + mệnh đề trong khung)

I couldn't spaek the language              he has a very important job

 I had never seen her before               we don't like them very much

 it was pretty cold                               the heat was on

 I'd met her twice before                     we've known each other for a long time

 I was very tired

  1.  …………………………, I couldn’t sleep.
  2.  …………………………..,I recognized her from the distance.
  3. She wasn’t wearing a coat………………………………...
  4. We thought we’d better invite them to the party………………..
  5. ……………………………, I managed to make myself understood.
  6. ……………………………, the room wasn’t very warm.
  7. I didn’t recognize her……………………………………
  8. We’re not very good friends……………………………

Guide to answer

  1. Although I was very tired, I couldn't sleep. (Mặc dù tôi rất mệt, nhưng tôi không thể ngủ được.)
  2. Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from the distance. (Mặc dù tôi chưa từng gặp cô ấy trước đó, nhưng tôi đã nhận ra cô ấy từ xa.)
  3. She wasn't wearing a coat although it was pretty cold. (Cô ấy không mặc áo khoác mặc dù trời khá lạnh.)
  4. We thought we'd better invite them to the party although we don't like them very much. (Chúng tôi nghĩ rằng chúng tôi nên mời họ tới bữa tiệc mặc dù chúng tôi không thích họ.)
  5. Although I didn't speak the language, I managed to make myself understood. (Mặc dù tôi không hiểu ngôn ngữ đó, nhưng tôi vẫn thể hiện bản thân là đã hiểu.)
  6. Although the heat was on, the room wasn't very warm. (Mặc dù lò sưởi đã bật, nhưng căn phòng vẫn không ấm.)
  7. I didn't recognize her although I'd met her twice before. (Tôi đã không nhận ra cô ấy mặc dù trước đó tôi đã gặp cô ấy hai lần.)
  8. We're not very good friends although we have known each other for a long time. (Chúng tôi không phải bạn tốt mặc dù chúng tôi đã biết nhau từ rất lâu rồi.)

3.3. Exercise 3 Unit 7 Language Focus 

Use your own ideas to comple the following sentences.

(Hoàn thành câu sau theo ý của em.)

  1. Although we had packed our bags the night before,…………………           
  2. They didn’t eat anything although……………………………
  3. Although Luong hadn’t studied English before………………………
  4.  ……………………., he failed the exam.
  5. Although summer has come …………………………….

Guide to answer

  1. Although we had packed our bags the night before, we forgot many things. (Mặc dù chúng tôi đã đóng gói tất cả vào tối qua, nhưng chúng tôi vẫn quên nhiều thứ.)      
  2. They didn’t eat anything although they were very hungry. (Họ đã không ăn bất kỳ thứ gì mặc dù họ rất đói.)
  3. Although Luong hadn’t studied English before, he could use the language very well. (Mặc dù Lượng không học tiếng Anh trước đó, anh ta có thể sử dụng ngôn ngữ này rất tốt.)
  4. Although he studied hard, he failed the exam. (Mặc dù anh ta học chăm chỉ, nhưng anh ta vẫn rớt kì thi.)
  5. Although summer has come, the weather is pretty cool. (Mặc dù mùa hè đã đến, nhưng thời tiết vẫn khá mát mẻ.)

Practical Exercise

Exercise 1: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.

  1. Although he ate a big lunch, he has a three-course meal in the evening. ---> In spite of..................................
  2. Despite her sickness, Judy went to class on time. ---> Even though......................................
  3. Although the play received good notices, not many people went to see it. ---> Despite the fact........................
  4. In spite of their good game, the team lost. ---> Despite the fact .........................................
  5. In spite of all our warnings, he left camp without taking his rifle. ---> Although..............................................

Key

  1. In spite of eating a big lunch, he has a three-course meal in the evening.
  2. Even though Judy was sick, she went to class on time.
  3. Despite the fact that play received good notices, not many people went to see it.
  4. Despite the fact that they had a good game, the team lost.
  5. Although we warned him, he left camp without taking his rifle.

​Exercise 2: Choose the best answer

1. Our new neighbors are quite nice _______ they are sometimes talkative.

a. despite          
b. in spite of the fact   
c. though       
d. as though

2._______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.

a. In spite         
b. Despite                  
c. But              
d. Although

3. In spite of his hard work, he could not finish the job.
a. As hard as he work                               
b. Despite he worked hard
c. Though he worked hard                    
d. Although hard work

4. He went to work despite his headache.

a. nevertheless      
b. due to         
c. notwithstanding    
d. because of

5. Despite _______, we knew that he was guilty.

a. denied              
b. denying        
c. he denied                
d. his denial

6. Despite the fact that _______, we enjoyed our trip.

a. the weather is bad                                 
b. it is a bad weather
c. the bad weather                                                
d. the weather was bad

7. Julie failed the exam _______ of working very hard.

a. despite                          
b. in spite                   
c. even if                                 
d. though

8.Tom went to work despite _______.
a. that he did not feel very well    
b. of the fact not feeling well
c. he did not feel very well            
d. not feeling very well

Key 

1. C
2. A
3. C
4. C
5. D
6. D
7. B
8. D

Bài học tiếp theo

Unit 7: Economic Reforms - Vocabulary

Bài học bổ sung

Bài học liên quan

Unit 7: Economic Reforms - Reading
Unit 7: Economic Reforms -Speaking
Unit 7: Economic Reforms - Listening
Unit 7: Economic Reforms - Writing
Unit 7: Economic Reforms - Language Focus
Unit 7: Economic Reforms - Vocabulary

Từ khóa phổ biến