Unit 4: Volunteer work - Language Focus
1. Pronunciation Language Focus Unit 4 Lớp 11
Phát âm /w/ - /j/
2. Grammar Language Focus Unit 4 Lớp 11
2.1. Gerund and present participle (Danh động từ và hiện tại phân từ)
Gerund
Cấu tạo V-ing
Cách dùng
Danh động từ làm chủ ngữ
Danh động từ đứng sau giới từ
Danh động từ làm tân ngữ sau một số động từ
Danh động từ dùng với các động hoặc tính từ theo sau là các giới từ
Present participle
Dùng sau những động từ chỉ cảm quan trong cấu trúc: V + sb/sth + present participle
Dùng trong cấu trúc: V + time/money + V-ing
Dùng trong các thì tiếp diễn
Dùng trong dạng tĩnh lược của mệnh đề
Một số ví dụ minh họa
- Gerund
Swimming regularly is good for health.
She is afraid of going to the hospital.
I stopped smoking 2 years ago.
He is sad at doing homework all day.
- Present participle
I see him crossing the street.
I am going to school now.
Finishing my homework, I went to bed.
2.2. Perfect gerund and perfect participle (Danh động từ hoàn thành và phân từ hoàn thành)
Danh động từ hoàn thành và phân từ hoàn thành cũng có cách dùng tương tự như danh động từ và hiện tại phân từ những về mặt ý nghĩa nó diễn tả hoặc nhấn mạnh sự hoàn thành của một hành động.
3. Language Focus Exercise Unit 4 Lớp 11
3.1. Unit 4 Lớp 11 Language Focus Exercise 1
Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate gerund of the verbs from the box. (Hoàn thành mỗi câu sau với một danh động từ thích hợp của các động từ trong khung.)
|
spend |
1. I have no objection to _______ to your story again.
2. Touch your toes without _____ your knees!
3. You should be ashamed of yourself for _______ so badly.
4. I am looking forward to _____ you.
5. You can't prevent him from _____ his own money.
6. Would you mind ______ for a moment?
7. In spite of ______ late, we arrived in time.
Guide to answer
1. listening
2. bending
3. behaving
4. meeting
5. spending
6. waiting
7. starting
3.2. Unit 4 Lớp 11 Language Focus Exercise 2
Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate present participle of the verbs from the box. (Hoàn thành mỗi câu sau với một hiện tại phân từ thích hợp của các động từ trong khung.)
|
lie |
1. She smelt something _______ and saw smoke _______.
2. If I catches you _______ her diary, she'll be furious.
3. They found a tree ______ across the road.
4. I'm going _____ this afternoon.
5. He doesn't spend much time _______ his lessons.
6. They wasted a whole afternoon _____ to repair the bike.
7. They spent a lot of money _______ the house.
Guide to answer
1. burning, rising
2. reading
3. lying
4. shopping
5. preparing
6. trying
7. modernizing
3.3. Unit 4 Lớp 11 Language Focus Exercise 3
Put the verbs in brackets into the perfect gerund or perfect participle. (Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở dạng danh động từ hoàn thành hoặc phân từ hoàn thành.)
1. I object to him ______ (make) private calls on the office phone.
2. _____ (be) his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from another.
3. They denied ______ (be) there.
4. ________ (tie) one end of the rope to his bed, he threw the other end out of the window.
5. _____ (read) the instruction, he snatched up the fire extinguisher.
6. The children admitted ______ (take) the money.
Guide to answer
1. having made
2. Having been
3. having been
4. Having tied
5. Having read
6. having taken
Rewrite the sentences beginning with an appropriate participle (present, past or perfect).
1. When she saw the dog coming towards her, she quickly crossed the road.
____________________________________________________________
2. If it is looked after carefully, the plant can live through the winter.
____________________________________________________________
3. As I don't have a credit card, I found it difficult to book an airline ticket over the phone.
____________________________________________________________
4. Keith spent a lot of time filling in job application forms because he was unemployed.
____________________________________________________________
5. Because I was walking quickly, I soon caught up with her.
____________________________________________________________
6. The house was built of wood, so it was clearly a fire risk.
____________________________________________________________
7. I was eager to catch the bus in good time because I had been told off the day before for arriving late.
____________________________________________________________
8. She didn't know where the theater was, so she asked for directions at the hotel reception.
____________________________________________________________
9. As she was a nurse, she knew what to do after the accident.
____________________________________________________________
10. He had spent his childhood in Oslo so he knew the city well.
____________________________________________________________
Key
1. Seeing the dog coming towards her, she quickly crossed the road.
2. Looked after carefully, the plant can live through the winter.
3. Not having a credit card, I found it difficult to book…
4. Being unemployed, Keith spent a lot of time filling in job application forms.
5. Walking quickly, I soon caught up with her.
6. Built/ Being built of wood, the house was clearly a fire risk.
7. Having been told off the day before for arriving late, I was eager to catch the bus in good time.
8. Not knowing where the theater was, she asked for directions at the hotel reception.
9. Being a nurse, she knew what to do after the accident.
10. Having spent his childhood in Oslo, he knew the city well.
1. Pronunciation Language Focus Unit 4 Lớp 11
Phát âm /w/ - /j/
2. Grammar Language Focus Unit 4 Lớp 11
2.1. Gerund and present participle (Danh động từ và hiện tại phân từ)
Gerund
Cấu tạo V-ing
Cách dùng
Danh động từ làm chủ ngữ
Danh động từ đứng sau giới từ
Danh động từ làm tân ngữ sau một số động từ
Danh động từ dùng với các động hoặc tính từ theo sau là các giới từ
Present participle
Dùng sau những động từ chỉ cảm quan trong cấu trúc: V + sb/sth + present participle
Dùng trong cấu trúc: V + time/money + V-ing
Dùng trong các thì tiếp diễn
Dùng trong dạng tĩnh lược của mệnh đề
Một số ví dụ minh họa
- Gerund
Swimming regularly is good for health.
She is afraid of going to the hospital.
I stopped smoking 2 years ago.
He is sad at doing homework all day.
- Present participle
I see him crossing the street.
I am going to school now.
Finishing my homework, I went to bed.
2.2. Perfect gerund and perfect participle (Danh động từ hoàn thành và phân từ hoàn thành)
Danh động từ hoàn thành và phân từ hoàn thành cũng có cách dùng tương tự như danh động từ và hiện tại phân từ những về mặt ý nghĩa nó diễn tả hoặc nhấn mạnh sự hoàn thành của một hành động.
3. Language Focus Exercise Unit 4 Lớp 11
3.1. Unit 4 Lớp 11 Language Focus Exercise 1
Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate gerund of the verbs from the box. (Hoàn thành mỗi câu sau với một danh động từ thích hợp của các động từ trong khung.)
|
spend |
1. I have no objection to _______ to your story again.
2. Touch your toes without _____ your knees!
3. You should be ashamed of yourself for _______ so badly.
4. I am looking forward to _____ you.
5. You can't prevent him from _____ his own money.
6. Would you mind ______ for a moment?
7. In spite of ______ late, we arrived in time.
Guide to answer
1. listening
2. bending
3. behaving
4. meeting
5. spending
6. waiting
7. starting
3.2. Unit 4 Lớp 11 Language Focus Exercise 2
Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate present participle of the verbs from the box. (Hoàn thành mỗi câu sau với một hiện tại phân từ thích hợp của các động từ trong khung.)
|
lie |
1. She smelt something _______ and saw smoke _______.
2. If I catches you _______ her diary, she'll be furious.
3. They found a tree ______ across the road.
4. I'm going _____ this afternoon.
5. He doesn't spend much time _______ his lessons.
6. They wasted a whole afternoon _____ to repair the bike.
7. They spent a lot of money _______ the house.
Guide to answer
1. burning, rising
2. reading
3. lying
4. shopping
5. preparing
6. trying
7. modernizing
3.3. Unit 4 Lớp 11 Language Focus Exercise 3
Put the verbs in brackets into the perfect gerund or perfect participle. (Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở dạng danh động từ hoàn thành hoặc phân từ hoàn thành.)
1. I object to him ______ (make) private calls on the office phone.
2. _____ (be) his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from another.
3. They denied ______ (be) there.
4. ________ (tie) one end of the rope to his bed, he threw the other end out of the window.
5. _____ (read) the instruction, he snatched up the fire extinguisher.
6. The children admitted ______ (take) the money.
Guide to answer
1. having made
2. Having been
3. having been
4. Having tied
5. Having read
6. having taken
Rewrite the sentences beginning with an appropriate participle (present, past or perfect).
1. When she saw the dog coming towards her, she quickly crossed the road.
____________________________________________________________
2. If it is looked after carefully, the plant can live through the winter.
____________________________________________________________
3. As I don't have a credit card, I found it difficult to book an airline ticket over the phone.
____________________________________________________________
4. Keith spent a lot of time filling in job application forms because he was unemployed.
____________________________________________________________
5. Because I was walking quickly, I soon caught up with her.
____________________________________________________________
6. The house was built of wood, so it was clearly a fire risk.
____________________________________________________________
7. I was eager to catch the bus in good time because I had been told off the day before for arriving late.
____________________________________________________________
8. She didn't know where the theater was, so she asked for directions at the hotel reception.
____________________________________________________________
9. As she was a nurse, she knew what to do after the accident.
____________________________________________________________
10. He had spent his childhood in Oslo so he knew the city well.
____________________________________________________________
Key
1. Seeing the dog coming towards her, she quickly crossed the road.
2. Looked after carefully, the plant can live through the winter.
3. Not having a credit card, I found it difficult to book…
4. Being unemployed, Keith spent a lot of time filling in job application forms.
5. Walking quickly, I soon caught up with her.
6. Built/ Being built of wood, the house was clearly a fire risk.
7. Having been told off the day before for arriving late, I was eager to catch the bus in good time.
8. Not knowing where the theater was, she asked for directions at the hotel reception.
9. Being a nurse, she knew what to do after the accident.
10. Having spent his childhood in Oslo, he knew the city well.