Giải bài 7 trang 68 SGK Toán 7 tập 2 - Cánh diều

Đề bài

Tính:

a) \(({x^2} + 2x + 3) + (3{x^2} - 5x + 1)\);                         

b) \((4{x^3} - 2{x^2} - 6) - ({x^3} - 7{x^2} + x - 5)\);

c) \( - 3{x^2}(6{x^2} - 8x + 1)\);                                                 

d) \((4{x^2} + 2x + 1)(2x - 1)\);

e) \(({x^6} - 2{x^4} + {x^2}):( - 2{x^2})\);                                  

g) \(({x^5} - {x^4} - 2{x^3}):({x^2} + x)\). 

Lời giải chi tiết

a) \(({x^2} + 2x + 3) + (3{x^2} - 5x + 1) = ({x^2} + 3{x^2}) + (2x - 5x) + (3 + 1) = 4{x^2} - 3x + 4\);        

b) \(\begin{array}{l}(4{x^3} - 2{x^2} - 6) - ({x^3} - 7{x^2} + x - 5) = 4{x^3} - 2{x^2} - 6 - {x^3} + 7{x^2} - x + 5\\ = (4{x^3} - {x^3}) + ( - 2{x^2} + 7{x^2}) - x + ( - 6 + 5) = 3{x^3} + 5{x^2} - x - 1\end{array}\);

c) \(\begin{array}{l} - 3{x^2}(6{x^2} - 8x + 1) =  - 3{x^2}.6{x^2} -  - 3{x^2}.8x +  - 3{x^2}.1\\ =  - 18{x^{2 + 2}} + 24{x^{2 + 1}} - 3{x^2} =  - 18{x^4} + 24{x^3} - 3{x^2}\end{array}\);               

d) \(\begin{array}{l}(4{x^2} + 2x + 1)(2x - 1) = (4{x^2} + 2x + 1).2x - (4{x^2} + 2x + 1).1 = 4{x^2}.2x + 2x.2x + 1.2x - 4{x^2} - 2x - 1\\ = 8{x^{2 + 1}} + 4{x^{1 + 1}} + 2x - 4{x^2} - 2x - 1 = 8{x^3} + 4{x^2} + 2x - 4{x^2} - 2x - 1 = 8{x^3} - 1\end{array}\);

e) \(\begin{array}{l}({x^6} - 2{x^4} + {x^2}):( - 2{x^2}) = {x^6}:( - 2{x^2}) - 2{x^4}:( - 2{x^2}) + {x^2}:( - 2{x^2})\\ =  - \dfrac{1}{2}{x^{6 - 2}} + {x^{4 - 2}} - \dfrac{1}{2}{x^{2 - 2}} =  - \dfrac{1}{2}{x^4} + {x^2} - \dfrac{1}{2}.\end{array}\);  

g) 

 \(({x^5} - {x^4} - 2{x^3}):({x^2} + x)=x^3-2x^2\)